BA (Hons) History & Anthropology

This core module introduces you to theories of history, methodologies and conceptual problems of advanced historical work from the ancient to the contemporary world. The module will help you acquire some of the fundamental skills involved in historical study – including writing at university level – as well as help you with online research, footnoting and compiling a bibliography. It consists of one lecture and seminar per week.

This module has two broad aims: a) to introduce students to the discipline of political history, by analysing, in a comparative perspective, key modern political ideologies, developments and political leaders; and b) to provide, in addition to a theoretical foundation, a basic understanding of how the modern world has been shaped by dictators (e.g. Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini), wars (e.g. First and Second World War) and revolutions (e.g. French, Russian). The module will be divided into two blocks of five weeks:

Block one: modern political ideologies
Block two: wars OR revolutions OR dictators

The topic for the thematic block and the particular lecture topics may vary from year to year, but the two-part structure will ensure that students are exposed to an array of methodological and empirical issues critical for the study of political history.

This module explores the historical and contemporary role of religion in promoting peace and conflict through a case study drawn from a global context. The approach is interdisciplinary drawing on the fields of history, religious studies, and philosophy in an attempt to address the question of whether religion has been in the past - and remains today - primarily a cause of peace or conflict in society. The regions and periods chosen for study may vary from year to year but will normally include examples drawn from the West, the Middle East, and Asia.

The module is divided into two blocks of five weeks. The first block comprises an introduction to the nature of religious belief and its role as a catalyst in promoting peace and conflict and also explores ethical teachings on pacifism and 'just war' theory. The second block is devoted to a case study. Students taking the module should gain an introductory, but insightful, comprehension of religious belief and its role in promoting peace and conflict. They will also be exposed to methodological questions of the kind involved in interdisciplinary and cross-cultural studies and be equipped to take more advanced and specialised modules relating to religion in specific historical and contemporary contexts.

The module introduces students to the role played by religions in promoting peace and conflict in the past and their ongoing influence in this respect in the present. It contributes to the department's focus on cultural history in exposing students to the diversity of beliefs in different cultures and the way the interplay of religion and politics has shaped the evolution of societies in Asia and the West. It also makes a contribution to the department's work in the area of intellectual history and the history of ideas. Finally, it provides an initial trajectory for more advanced work on religious and philosophical themes in years two and three.

Self, Citizen and Nation introduces students to the importance of intellectual and cultural history as a way of understanding themselves and the world around them. It contributes to the department’s core strengths in the history of ideas, philosophy, ethics, culture and sexuality. The course contributes to the department’s core strengths in intellectual and cultural history and provides an introduction to a number of topics that are explored in second/third-year options.

The course consists of two thematic blocks, each focusing on the relationship between human beings and their surroundings. These blocks may alter on a year-to-year basis but will generally include two of the following topics:

• Humans and the natural world (the human body, the human mind, animals and birds, the rural and urban environments)
• Sex and sexualities (socio-economic, political and legal, religious and cultural, individual, and global dimensions)
• Early modern identities (emotions and the soul, the self, religion and identity, ethnicity and nationality, gender and sexuality)
• Emotions and bonds (love, anger, fear and wonder). Throughout students will engage with a wide variety of primary source material, including images, philosophical and literary texts, letters and works of self-reflection.

The aim of this module is to acquaint you with the main bodies of theory within social anthropology and the classical sub-fields within the discipline (political anthropology, economic anthropology, anthropology of religion and kinship) and key debates within the discipline. The module begins by locating the discipline in a historical perspective before proceeding to an exploration of key theories and central themes within the discipline. Although the lectures will draw heavily on what might be considered classical texts in anthropology, which will often mean that the literature dates from the early or mid-20th century and sometimes from the 19th century or earlier, the emphasis will be on the exploring ways in which these keys areas of work within the discipline might inform our understanding of contemporary issues and problems.

As the module progresses you will hopefully gain a growing sense of what social anthropology is and feel more confident to enter discussion concerning the kinds of questions it asks. Reflecting this gradual build-up of confidence and understanding, the essay assignment for the first term has been broken down into two distinct yet related stages.

Anthropological Methods is an introduction to practices of ethnographic research. The module examines the relationship between theory and method within anthropology. We are concerned with the specific techniques that are used by anthropologists as they conduct their fieldwork. This module also draws attention to how ethnographic knowledge produced during fieldwork is both relational and contextual. We therefore consider certain historical conjectures and power dynamics that have contributed to the way ethnography is (perhaps at times rather paradoxically) at once defined as a product and perceived as a process. To this end, the module explores the epistemological and ethical foundations of anthropological methods in order to encourage you to think about fieldwork as an encounter and ethnography as the relation between anthropological practice and theory.

This module provides guidance on how to develop and perfect the skills students need to write an undergraduate-level history essay. An emphasis is put on the centrality of problem solving and critical thinking, demonstrating how essays should be used as vehicles to explore academic debates.  Students learn skills specific to the discipline of history, such as identifying primary and secondary sources, evaluating their suitability and analyzing them to answer historical questions, as well as those necessary for academic work in other disciplines and for employment, including relevant referencing techniques, planning to meet deadlines, analyzing data, making a clear argument, using relevant technologies in research and presentation of data, working in groups and making oral presentations.

For deep learning to take place, students practice the skills they have learnt by completing a series of structured tasks that contribute to a summative essay engaging with a specific historical problem. They will receive feedback on each stage of the process, enabling them to develop and improve their skills. The module is taught with a narrow focus on the lived experience of a defined group of people during a specified historical period (for example the working life of South and East Londoners in the mid-Nineteenth Century) depending on the expertise of the member of staff running the module. Some sessions concentrate on the knowledge required, others on how to apply this knowledge to solve a given historical question.

The module also provides specific guidance on the preparation for history examinations.

Historical Perspectives introduces and explores ‘historiography’, this being the history of the study of the past and the writing of history. Spanning a period from the Renaissance to the present day, the module examines key methods, theories, approaches, and writers so as to provide an introduction and orientation to the development and evolution of academic history.

As academic history continues to develop, topics on the module will be updated in line with new perspectives. Core topics will be from a selection of the following:

• Antiquarian and Humanist approaches to history
• Leopold Ranke and ‘Rankean’ ideas about history
• Historical Materialism and Marxist interpretations of history
• Annales school techniques such as ‘Total History’ and ‘Microhistory’
• Gender as a category of historical analysis
• Sexualities as an area of historical research
• Post-colonial and non-colonial histories
• Global History and challenges to Eurocentricity
• Postmodernism and ‘truth’ in history
• The History of Medicine and Medical Humanities
• The History of Emotions
• Black British History

This module introduces students to a range of historical controversies in order to engage them in a critical manner with competing perspectives on a range of different issues and events. The module will contain six three-week blocks on various sub-disciplines within history, including, social, cultural and political history, across different periods and geographic areas. Throughout, it will focus on work on historiography, considering issues such as: the influence of issues contemporary to authors on their writing; the impact of authors’ politics and/or wider values system on their work; the evolution of controversies over time; and theoretical explanations of controversies. In addition, it will take a comparative approach to controversies, with student assessment including an option to compare two historical controversies or to analyse one controversy in more depth. Lectures and seminars at the beginning and end of the module, and at the point of handover from one block to another, will discuss comparative themes. The History Department will publish a list of six blocks each year, from at least the following:

1. Acts, Identities and the Origins of Homosexuality
2. The Causes of the Russian Revolution
3. The Greatest Whodunit in History: Who Caused the First World War?
4. The Decline of the Liberal Party in the UK and the Rise of Labour
5. Guilty Men? British Appeasement Policy and the Causes of the Second World War in Europe.
6. The Ballot or the Bullet? Civil Disobedience in 1960s Protest Movements
7. Revolutionary Movements in Latin America in the 1960s and 1970s
8. Fire in Babylon: The New Cross Fire and the Black People’s Day of Action
9. The Unnatural Disaster of Hurricane Katrina

This module explores the multiplicity of contacts which have shaped the last half millennium of global history. Empire and religion, commerce and colonialism, race and space, and disease and healing all drove and moulded the encounters between distant cultures that created our modern world. This module explores some of these global connections, from trade and the exchange of goods and ideas, to practices of violence and resistance. The module will introduce students to core and emerging debates and approaches within the field of global history.

The module will contain five four-week blocks on various topics within modern global history. The History department will publish a list of five blocks each year, from at least the following:

• Germany’s African Road to the Holocaust
• Global Sports and the African Diaspora
• The Ottoman Empire in European History
• (De)Colonising Enlightenment Political Thought
• Mosquitos, Microbes and Empire
• Latin America and the World Market
• Travellers, Stories, Materials and Knowledges across Eurasia
• Colonialism, Anti-colonialism and Resistance in the Middle East and North Africa

The aim of this module is to acquaint you with the main bodies of theory within social anthropology and the classical sub-fields within the discipline (political anthropology, economic anthropology, anthropology of religion and kinship) and key debates within the discipline. The module begins by locating the discipline in a historical perspective before proceeding to an exploration of key theories and central themes within the discipline. Although the lectures will draw heavily on what might be considered classical texts in anthropology, which will often mean that the literature dates from the early or mid-20th century and sometimes from the 19th century or earlier, the emphasis will be on the exploring ways in which these keys areas of work within the discipline might inform our understanding of contemporary issues and problems.

As the module progresses you will hopefully gain a growing sense of what social anthropology is and feel more confident to enter discussion concerning the kinds of questions it asks. Reflecting this gradual build-up of confidence and understanding, the essay assignment for the first term has been broken down into two distinct yet related stages.

Anthropological Methods is an introduction to practices of ethnographic research. The module examines the relationship between theory and method within anthropology. We are concerned with the specific techniques that are used by anthropologists as they conduct their fieldwork. This module also draws attention to how ethnographic knowledge produced during fieldwork is both relational and contextual. We therefore consider certain historical conjectures and power dynamics that have contributed to the way ethnography is (perhaps at times rather paradoxically) at once defined as a product and perceived as a process. To this end, the module explores the epistemological and ethical foundations of anthropological methods in order to encourage you to think about fieldwork as an encounter and ethnography as the relation between anthropological practice and theory.

The module engages with fundamental questions about governance, institutions, practices, politics, and social change through a focus on the state. We begin with some key questions related to the Anthropology of the State, which are discussed in the context of contemporary politics.

We look at how the state has been theorised, researched and whether ethnographies of nationalism, citizenship and labour are challenged by comparative ethnographic approaches. We will study institutions like the family, movements and migration in relation to questions around the state and will discuss intersectionality of gender, class, race and ethnic community in relation to citizenship, resources, labour relations, and social formations. It is crucial for this course to engage with comparative work, especially ethnographies, which will allow us to discuss the many layers in which state is experienced, researched and ultimately becomes real in different contexts.

This module introduces you to different anthropological approaches to visual and material culture and gives you the opportunity to conduct a piece of visually oriented anthropological research. 

The module provides a critical introduction to the many ways anthropologists engage with the visual from their use of visual methodologies and analysis of representations to their ethnographic study of everyday visual forms. Focusing on a wide range of visual media from photography, museum exhibitions and popular representations on TV to dress, body art, architecture and other everyday visual and material forms, the module raises issues about the significance of visibility, the politics of representation, the social life of visual and material forms and the relationship between seeing and other senses.

This module introduces the fascinating domain of the anthropology of religion: a vast and wide ranging subject. It introduces some of the many ways anthropologists have approached religious phenomena and highlights what is unique about anthropology’s contribution to the understanding of religion. It raises questions concerning what counts as ‘religious’ and includes within the remit of the module consideration of a variety of non-human agents (gods, God, spirits, witches) and religious practices (meditation, worship, performances).

The course offers an in-depth and critical anthropological analysis of western political economy through a Marxian and post-colonial framework. Combining historical contextualization and anthropological comparison, the course develops not only an historical materialist and cultural critique of western capitalism, but also a space of hope and prefiguration of post-capitalist life.

Overview of the module content:

To introduce you to the core concepts and theories relating to economic and political organisations and the problem of accounting for change, both empirically and theoretically.

To familiarise you with a number of empirical contexts in order that you may be able to conceptualise the complex socio-economic processes that are affecting the peripheral areas that have long been the concern of anthropologists.

To explore a number of contemporary problems relating to such issues as the apparent contradiction between local or national autonomy and globalisation that do not fit easily into definitions of the "economic" or "political".

This module explores the friction and common ground between History and Anthropology. In order to understand this productive but spirited dialogue, we historicise their relationship and overlapping but divergent theoretical perspectives and methods. Modern social anthropology was formed in the early twentieth century by a rejection of evolutionism and its replacement by synchronic site-specific studies, a move that effectively eclipsed history’s theoretical significance to the discipline. Yet, dissatisfaction with the ways in which synchronic functionalist ethnographic analyses ignored history and social change brought about lasting debates about continuity and rupture; the relation between pasts, presents and futures, and the wider humanistic turn of both disciplines under the theoretical influence of Marxism, feminism, and other critical social theory since the 1960s. This module is, in many ways, an examination of the possibilities of a historicised anthropology and poses several intertwined empirical and theoretical questions about the place of structure and agency, consciousness and historicity, and memory and silences within ethnography. Through historical ethnographies and selected social historiography, we aim to understand not only how to approach the past anthropologically, but also grasp ethnographically the uses of history as a collectivist political project implicated in nationalism, racist ideology, and categories like world heritage.